Papua New Guinea
The eastern half of the island of New Guinea - second largest in
the world - was divided between Germany (north) and the UK (south)
in 1885. The latter area was transferred to Australia in 1902, which
occupied the northern portion during World War I and continued to
administer the combined areas until independence in 1975. A nine-year
secessionist revolt on the island of Bougainville ended in 1997
after claiming some 20,000 lives.
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